什么是動詞不定式?
不定，表示不確定，動詞不定式的含義就是，動詞的形式不隨著句子的人稱、性、數(shù)、時態(tài)而定（即不隨著句子的人稱、性、數(shù)、時態(tài)而發(fā)生變化），始終保持那個形式。
動詞不定式有下列幾個常見形式：
一般式：to + 動詞原形
不帶to的形式：動詞原形
否定式：not + to + 動詞原形
疑問式：wh-疑問詞 + to + 動詞原形
被動式：to be + 動詞的過去分詞
完成式：to have + 動詞的過去分詞
進行式：to be + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
不定式是歷次大學(xué)英語四級考試必考的內(nèi)容。不定式在句子中可做主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和賓語補語。
1)不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。
【例如】
To complete the 30�storied building in one year was quite a difficult task.
To do that implies taking responsibility.
當(dāng)主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。
【例如】
It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.
It做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：
a) It is＋形容詞(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋不定式
【例如】
It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.
It is hard to put my hopessintoswords.
It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.
It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.
b) It is＋名詞(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one's du�ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...)＋不定式
It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.
It is a pity to have to go without her.
It is a glorious death to die for the people.
c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)＋不定式
It takes me three hours to learn English each day.
It took them half the night to get home in the snow.
2)不定式作表語不定式作表語常表示將來的動作，主語常常是表示意向、打算、計劃的詞，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
【例如】
The most important thing for one's health is to have plenty of exercise.
My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of the matter.
The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers to the city and to provide them with any necessary information.
What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.
3)不定式作賓語不定式常在下列動詞后面作賓語：
afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,begin,care,choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,prepare pretend,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,tend,threaten,want等。
【例如】
I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring.
My mother hates to move from place to place, for she feels tired.I decide to work hard and get doctor's degree.
The room is designed to be my study, but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the children.
She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she was worried about it.
There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997, 1)
A) making
B) to make
C) to have made
D)shavingsmade
mean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根據(jù)句意，他看起來非常生氣，他想找麻煩，不定式的動作還沒有實施，應(yīng)用一般式，因此答案為B。不定式作賓語還常用在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中；主語＋動詞＋it＋形容詞＋不定式。
【例如】
We found it impossible to get everything ready in time. I think it important to learn English well in college.使用這種句型的常見動詞有：believe, consider, declare, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think,等。
4)“wh�word＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)不定式前加一個疑問代詞(what, which, who, whom, whose)或疑問副詞(where, when, how, why)，以及連詞whether構(gòu)成特殊的不定式短語，其作用相當(dāng)于一個從句，這樣的不定式短語常在某些動詞后面作賓語。
常見的可以接這種不定式短語的動詞有：
know, see, decide, tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,observe,perceive,remember,think,understand,wonder等。
【例如】
I couldn't decide which book to choose. I can tell youswheresto get this book.They found it hard to decide whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Year.“wh�word+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)除了作賓語外，還可以在句中作主語或者表語。
【例如】
When to start the program remains undecided. The question is how to put the plansintospractice.
5)不定式作狀語
a)不定式作狀語表示目的。或用于so as和in order之后，來強調(diào)這種目的。
【例如】
To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking efforts.
Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.We must develop science and technology at high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.
Insgroupsto get a high mark in Band 4, he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension.
b)不定式表示結(jié)果，特別是在so...as to, such...as to, only to...以及too...to等結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式表示結(jié)果。
【例如】
I rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to find the train already gone.
She left her hometown with her beloved man, never to return.No one is too old to learn.
Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me?
c)不定式常用來修飾形容詞，構(gòu)成下列詞組：be able to, be afraid to, be apt to, be bound to, be certain to, be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。
【例如】
Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup.
It is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy.
I am willing to help you with your homework, for we are friends.
6)不定式作賓語補語不定式常跟在下列動詞之后作賓語補語：ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, compel, command, enable, encourage, expect, feel, force, find, hear, have, inform, invite, let, make, mean, notice, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, request, teach, tell, urge, watch, warn, watch等。
【例如】
Because of the complexity of the modern equipments, most offices require secretaries to have specified training.
He asked you to call him at ten o'clock.
The note reminds me to be careful whatever I do.
I'd never allow my children to behave like that.
當(dāng)不定式在let, make, have, hear, look at, listen to, feel, observe, watch, notice, perceive(感覺到)等動詞后面作賓語補語時，不定式不帶to.
【例如】
Whenever something is wrong with you, please do let me know.
I will have the students write a passage about Internet.
I saw my mother shed tears at the news that the neighbor girl got seriously hurt in a car accident.
It seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water.
7)不定式作主補帶有賓語及賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，原來的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓補則變?yōu)橹餮a。加主補的動詞主要有：assume, believe, know, report, say, suppose等。
【例如】
Mr. Brown is said to have left for Italy last week.(It is said that Mr. Brown left for Italy last week.)
Persons have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, compose music, walk through windows and commit murder in their sleep.
He is reported to have won the 100�meter running race in the Olympic games.
8)不定式作定語
a)不定式作定語通常要放在其所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。
不定式常作下列的名詞定語：attempt, ability, anything, chance, desire, determination, decision, effort, failure, intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure, right, tendency, time, way等。
【例如】
His efforts to carry out the plan were successful.I have no intention to go to the cinema with you.
There is no need to bother him with such trifles.
There is a tendency to writer quite long sentences in commercial correspondence.
The pressure( )causes Americans to be energetic, but it also put them under a constant emotional strain. (CET-4 1997,6)
A) to compete
B) competing
C) to be competed
D)shavingscompeted
pressure后面應(yīng)接后置定語，表示競爭的壓力。單個分詞作定語一般置于名詞前，故B和D可以排除。C為不定式的被動式，而競爭和壓力之間沒有被動關(guān)系，因此正確答案為A。
特別注意的是在不定式與其修飾的名詞有動賓關(guān)系時，要根據(jù)句子的需要在不定式后加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，這個介詞的選用取決于被修飾的名詞或不定式本身的要求。
【例如】
She is a very nice person to work with.
This is an important issue to talk about.
b)由only, last, next,序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語。
解讀動詞不定式作主語、賓語、定語、狀語
在中學(xué)教科書中，動詞不定式是一個非常重要的語法點；在歷年高考中，動詞不定式是頻頻考查的要點之一；在學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)實踐中，動詞不定式是瑣碎、難學(xué)的語法項目之一。為了更熟練、準(zhǔn)確、有針對性地掌握此項語法知識，下面把(N)MET對動詞不定式作主語、賓語、定語及狀語的考查點進行總結(jié)、歸納。
I. 不定式作主語
1. 不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將作主語的不定式放在句子后部。例如：
It is good to help others.幫助他人是件好事。
It is exciting to surf the Internet.上網(wǎng)是件令人興奮的事。
2. 不定式作主語與V-ing形式作主語的不同：前者作主語時，常表示某一次具體的動作；而后者常表示習(xí)慣性的動作。例如：
To teach the three children is my job this afternoon. 教這三個孩子是今天下午我的工作。
Walking is a good form of exercise. 散步是鍛煉的一種好方式。
簡析: It's ... of sb. to do sth.與It's... for sb. to do sth.
當(dāng)表語形容詞說明不定式的邏輯主語具有某種品質(zhì)時,常用"It's...of sb. to do sth."。例如：
It's very kind / nice of you to help me。感謝你的幫助。
當(dāng)表語形容詞說明不定式具有某種特征時，應(yīng)使用 "It's ...for sb. to do sth."。例如：
It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中國學(xué)生學(xué)俄語是很難的。
[高考題例]
1. Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
2. It was foolish ________ you to give up what you rightly owned.
A. for B. of C. about D. from
II. 不定式作賓語
1. 學(xué)習(xí)不定式作賓語時，要注意掌握四種動詞：
1) 后接不定式作賓語的動詞。常見動詞有： offer, decide, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。
2) 后接V-ing形式作賓語的動詞。常見動詞有： enjoy, mind, suggest, advise, finish, practise, imagine, admit, avoid, delay等。
3)后接不定式和V-ing形式作賓語均可，且沒有大的區(qū)別的動詞。常見動詞有： start, begin, continue等。
4)后接不定式和V-ing形式作賓語均可，但意思不同的動詞。常見動詞及短語有:try, remember, forget, regret, stop, go on等。例如：
Please remember to lock the door when you go out. 出去時請記住要鎖門。
I don't remember lending you any money. 我不記得借過錢給你。
I regret saying what I said. I shouldn't have said it. 我后悔我所說過的話，我本不該說那些話。
I regret to tell you that you failed your driving test. 我很遺憾地告訴你，你沒有通過駕駛測試。
The minister went on talking for two hours. 部長的講話持續(xù)了兩個小時。
After discussing the economy, the minister then went on to talk about foreign policy. 討論完經(jīng)濟，部長接著談?wù)撏饨徽摺?
2. 動詞不定式在句中作賓語，如帶有賓語補足語時，要先用it作形式賓語，而將該不定式后置。例如：
I don't think it right to do it in that way.我覺得以那種方式去做是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?
I find it hard to get along with him. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)與他相處不是件容易的事。
3. "疑問代詞、疑問副詞 + 不定式"常常用作動詞或介詞的賓語。例如：
I don't know where to spend my holiday. 我不知該去哪兒度假。
Have you decided when to marry?你決定什么時候結(jié)婚了嗎？
[高考題例]
3. She pretended ________ me when I passed by.
A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen
4. Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
5. -I usually go there by train.
-Why not ________ by boat for a change?
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
6. -Was the test difficult?
-Not at all. We found ________ .
A. it very easy for doing
B. very easy to do it
C. it very easy to do
D. it very easy to do it
7. -Do you know Mr. Smith?
-Yes. He's a strange man. We found ________ difficult to work with him.
A. us B. it C. him D. you
8. I don't think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
9. Last summer I took a course on ________ .
A. how to make dresses
B. how dresses be made
C. how to be made dresses
D. how dresses to be made
10. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________ .
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
III. 不定式作定語
不定式作定語時，應(yīng)注意使用不定式的正確形式。請看下列句子：
I have a lot of work to do today. 我今天有很多工作要(自己)做。
I have a lot of work to be done today. 我今天有很多工作要(別人)做。
Do you have anything to take to your son? 你有什么東西要(自己)帶給你兒子嗎？
Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 你有什么東西(讓別人)帶給你兒子嗎？
簡析：當(dāng)句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語時，不定式使用主動式；當(dāng)句子的主語不是不定式的邏輯主語而不定式與所修飾的名詞或代詞之間是被動關(guān)系時，不定式使用被動式。
IV. 不定式作狀語
1. 不定式常常作目的狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語等。不定式作狀語時，要注意不定式的邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子的主語保持一致。
[高考題例]
11. To be a great scientist, ________ .
A. maths is very important
B. maths is more important than other subjects
C. one must understand maths
D. maths is important to be understood
2. "主語+系動詞+形容詞+ to do sth."句式中，當(dāng)形容詞說明主語具有某種特征時，不定式不使用被動式。例如：
The naughty boy is hard to deal with.那個頑皮的男孩很難對付。
[高考題例]
12. Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job.
A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to
Key:
1-5 CBAAD 6-10 CBDAC 11-12 CB
一句話，to 結(jié)構(gòu)
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動詞不定式有下列幾個常見形式：
一般式：to + 動詞原形
不帶to的形式：動詞原形
否定式：not + to + 動詞原形
疑問式：wh-疑問詞 + to + 動詞原形
被動式：to be + 動詞的過去分詞
完成式：to have + 動詞的過去分詞
進行式：to be + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
不定式是歷次大學(xué)英語四級考試必考的內(nèi)容。不定式在句子中可做主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和賓語補語。
1)不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。
【例如】
To complete the 30�storied building in one year was quite a difficult task.
To do that implies taking responsibility.
當(dāng)主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。
【例如】
It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.
It做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：
a) It is＋形容詞(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋不定式
【例如】
It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.
It is hard to put my hopessintoswords.
It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.
It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.
b) It is＋名詞(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one's du�ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...)＋不定式
It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.
It is a pity to have to go without her.
It is a glorious death to die for the people.
c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)＋不定式
It takes me three hours to learn English each day.
It took them half the night to get home in the snow.
2)不定式作表語不定式作表語常表示將來的動作，主語常常是表示意向、打算、計劃的詞，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
【例如】
The most important thing for one's health is to have plenty of exercise.
My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of the matter.
The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers to the city and to provide them with any necessary information.
What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.
3)不定式作賓語不定式常在下列動詞后面作賓語：
afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,begin,care,choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,prepare pretend,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,tend,threaten,want等。
【例如】
I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring.
My mother hates to move from place to place, for she feels tired.I decide to work hard and get doctor's degree.
The room is designed to be my study, but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the children.
She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she was worried about it.
There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997, 1)
A) making
B) to make
C) to have made
D)shavingsmade
mean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根據(jù)句意，他看起來非常生氣，他想找麻煩，不定式的動作還沒有實施，應(yīng)用一般式，因此答案為B。不定式作賓語還常用在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中；主語＋動詞＋it＋形容詞＋不定式。
【例如】
We found it impossible to get everything ready in time. I think it important to learn English well in college.使用這種句型的常見動詞有：believe, consider, declare, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think,等。
4)“wh�word＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)不定式前加一個疑問代詞(what, which, who, whom, whose)或疑問副詞(where, when, how, why)，以及連詞whether構(gòu)成特殊的不定式短語，其作用相當(dāng)于一個從句，這樣的不定式短語常在某些動詞后面作賓語。
常見的可以接這種不定式短語的動詞有：
know, see, decide, tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,observe,perceive,remember,think,understand,wonder等。
【例如】
I couldn't decide which book to choose. I can tell youswheresto get this book.They found it hard to decide whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Year.“wh�word+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)除了作賓語外，還可以在句中作主語或者表語。
【例如】
When to start the program remains undecided. The question is how to put the plansintospractice.
5)不定式作狀語
a)不定式作狀語表示目的。或用于so as和in order之后，來強調(diào)這種目的。
【例如】
To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking efforts.
Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.We must develop science and technology at high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.
Insgroupsto get a high mark in Band 4, he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension.
b)不定式表示結(jié)果，特別是在so...as to, such...as to, only to...以及too...to等結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式表示結(jié)果。
【例如】
I rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to find the train already gone.
She left her hometown with her beloved man, never to return.No one is too old to learn.
Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me?
c)不定式常用來修飾形容詞，構(gòu)成下列詞組：be able to, be afraid to, be apt to, be bound to, be certain to, be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。
【例如】
Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup.
It is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy.
I am willing to help you with your homework, for we are friends.
6)不定式作賓語補語不定式常跟在下列動詞之后作賓語補語：ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, compel, command, enable, encourage, expect, feel, force, find, hear, have, inform, invite, let, make, mean, notice, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, request, teach, tell, urge, watch, warn, watch等。
【例如】
Because of the complexity of the modern equipments, most offices require secretaries to have specified training.
He asked you to call him at ten o'clock.
The note reminds me to be careful whatever I do.
I'd never allow my children to behave like that.
當(dāng)不定式在let, make, have, hear, look at, listen to, feel, observe, watch, notice, perceive(感覺到)等動詞后面作賓語補語時，不定式不帶to.
【例如】
Whenever something is wrong with you, please do let me know.
I will have the students write a passage about Internet.
I saw my mother shed tears at the news that the neighbor girl got seriously hurt in a car accident.
It seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water.
7)不定式作主補帶有賓語及賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，原來的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓補則變?yōu)橹餮a。加主補的動詞主要有：assume, believe, know, report, say, suppose等。
【例如】
Mr. Brown is said to have left for Italy last week.(It is said that Mr. Brown left for Italy last week.)
Persons have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, compose music, walk through windows and commit murder in their sleep.
He is reported to have won the 100�meter running race in the Olympic games.
8)不定式作定語
a)不定式作定語通常要放在其所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。
不定式常作下列的名詞定語：attempt, ability, anything, chance, desire, determination, decision, effort, failure, intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure, right, tendency, time, way等。
【例如】
His efforts to carry out the plan were successful.I have no intention to go to the cinema with you.
There is no need to bother him with such trifles.
There is a tendency to writer quite long sentences in commercial correspondence.
The pressure( )causes Americans to be energetic, but it also put them under a constant emotional strain. (CET-4 1997,6)
A) to compete
B) competing
C) to be competed
D)shavingscompeted
pressure后面應(yīng)接后置定語，表示競爭的壓力。單個分詞作定語一般置于名詞前，故B和D可以排除。C為不定式的被動式，而競爭和壓力之間沒有被動關(guān)系，因此正確答案為A。
特別注意的是在不定式與其修飾的名詞有動賓關(guān)系時，要根據(jù)句子的需要在不定式后加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，這個介詞的選用取決于被修飾的名詞或不定式本身的要求。
【例如】
She is a very nice person to work with.
This is an important issue to talk about.
b)由only, last, next,序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語。
解讀動詞不定式作主語、賓語、定語、狀語
在中學(xué)教科書中，動詞不定式是一個非常重要的語法點；在歷年高考中，動詞不定式是頻頻考查的要點之一；在學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)實踐中，動詞不定式是瑣碎、難學(xué)的語法項目之一。為了更熟練、準(zhǔn)確、有針對性地掌握此項語法知識，下面把(N)MET對動詞不定式作主語、賓語、定語及狀語的考查點進行總結(jié)、歸納。
I. 不定式作主語
1. 不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將作主語的不定式放在句子后部。例如：
It is good to help others.幫助他人是件好事。
It is exciting to surf the Internet.上網(wǎng)是件令人興奮的事。
2. 不定式作主語與V-ing形式作主語的不同：前者作主語時，常表示某一次具體的動作；而后者常表示習(xí)慣性的動作。例如：
To teach the three children is my job this afternoon. 教這三個孩子是今天下午我的工作。
Walking is a good form of exercise. 散步是鍛煉的一種好方式。
簡析: It's ... of sb. to do sth.與It's... for sb. to do sth.
當(dāng)表語形容詞說明不定式的邏輯主語具有某種品質(zhì)時,常用"It's...of sb. to do sth."。例如：
It's very kind / nice of you to help me。感謝你的幫助。
當(dāng)表語形容詞說明不定式具有某種特征時，應(yīng)使用 "It's ...for sb. to do sth."。例如：
It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中國學(xué)生學(xué)俄語是很難的。
[高考題例]
1. Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
2. It was foolish ________ you to give up what you rightly owned.
A. for B. of C. about D. from
II. 不定式作賓語
1. 學(xué)習(xí)不定式作賓語時，要注意掌握四種動詞：
1) 后接不定式作賓語的動詞。常見動詞有： offer, decide, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。
2) 后接V-ing形式作賓語的動詞。常見動詞有： enjoy, mind, suggest, advise, finish, practise, imagine, admit, avoid, delay等。
3)后接不定式和V-ing形式作賓語均可，且沒有大的區(qū)別的動詞。常見動詞有： start, begin, continue等。
4)后接不定式和V-ing形式作賓語均可，但意思不同的動詞。常見動詞及短語有:try, remember, forget, regret, stop, go on等。例如：
Please remember to lock the door when you go out. 出去時請記住要鎖門。
I don't remember lending you any money. 我不記得借過錢給你。
I regret saying what I said. I shouldn't have said it. 我后悔我所說過的話，我本不該說那些話。
I regret to tell you that you failed your driving test. 我很遺憾地告訴你，你沒有通過駕駛測試。
The minister went on talking for two hours. 部長的講話持續(xù)了兩個小時。
After discussing the economy, the minister then went on to talk about foreign policy. 討論完經(jīng)濟，部長接著談?wù)撏饨徽摺?
2. 動詞不定式在句中作賓語，如帶有賓語補足語時，要先用it作形式賓語，而將該不定式后置。例如：
I don't think it right to do it in that way.我覺得以那種方式去做是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?
I find it hard to get along with him. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)與他相處不是件容易的事。
3. "疑問代詞、疑問副詞 + 不定式"常常用作動詞或介詞的賓語。例如：
I don't know where to spend my holiday. 我不知該去哪兒度假。
Have you decided when to marry?你決定什么時候結(jié)婚了嗎？
[高考題例]
3. She pretended ________ me when I passed by.
A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen
4. Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
5. -I usually go there by train.
-Why not ________ by boat for a change?
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
6. -Was the test difficult?
-Not at all. We found ________ .
A. it very easy for doing
B. very easy to do it
C. it very easy to do
D. it very easy to do it
7. -Do you know Mr. Smith?
-Yes. He's a strange man. We found ________ difficult to work with him.
A. us B. it C. him D. you
8. I don't think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
9. Last summer I took a course on ________ .
A. how to make dresses
B. how dresses be made
C. how to be made dresses
D. how dresses to be made
10. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________ .
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
III. 不定式作定語
不定式作定語時，應(yīng)注意使用不定式的正確形式。請看下列句子：
I have a lot of work to do today. 我今天有很多工作要(自己)做。
I have a lot of work to be done today. 我今天有很多工作要(別人)做。
Do you have anything to take to your son? 你有什么東西要(自己)帶給你兒子嗎？
Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 你有什么東西(讓別人)帶給你兒子嗎？
簡析：當(dāng)句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語時，不定式使用主動式；當(dāng)句子的主語不是不定式的邏輯主語而不定式與所修飾的名詞或代詞之間是被動關(guān)系時，不定式使用被動式。
IV. 不定式作狀語
1. 不定式常常作目的狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語等。不定式作狀語時，要注意不定式的邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子的主語保持一致。
[高考題例]
11. To be a great scientist, ________ .
A. maths is very important
B. maths is more important than other subjects
C. one must understand maths
D. maths is important to be understood
2. "主語+系動詞+形容詞+ to do sth."句式中，當(dāng)形容詞說明主語具有某種特征時，不定式不使用被動式。例如：
The naughty boy is hard to deal with.那個頑皮的男孩很難對付。
[高考題例]
12. Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job.
A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to
Key:
1-5 CBAAD 6-10 CBDAC 11-12 CB
一句話，to 結(jié)構(gòu)
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相關(guān)評說：
泰安市合成： ______ 動詞不定式的概念: 在語法中,動詞不定式是動詞的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數(shù)量、時態(tài)的形式.它被叫做不定式,是因為動詞不被限定,或者說不被詞形變化所局限. 動詞不定式指由to 加上動詞原形(而且只能是動詞原形)所構(gòu)成的一種非限定性動詞,但在有些情況下to可以省略.動詞不定式在語法功能上可作主語 、賓語、表語、定語和狀語.
泰安市合成： ______ 先解釋一下“不定式”,不定式由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成.不定式是一種非限定性動詞.而非限定動詞是指那些在句中不能單獨充當(dāng)謂語的動詞,可分為不定式,動名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞.“動詞不定式”由動詞+不定時構(gòu)成.動詞不定式在句中...
泰安市合成： ______ 動詞不定式 既由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成.不定式是一種非限定性動詞.而非限定動詞是指那些在句中不能單獨充當(dāng)謂語的動詞,可分為不定式,動名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞.“動詞不定式”由動詞+不定時構(gòu)成.動詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分.動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進行式. 例句help sb.to do sth.(幫助某人做某事) Would you be so kind as to tell me the time? (勞駕,現(xiàn)在幾點了.) 滿意后采納,祝你學(xué)習(xí)進步
泰安市合成： ______ 就是To do sth. 比如I WANT TO SWIM.
泰安市合成： ______ 不定式是沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化的動詞原形.
泰安市合成： ______ 就是動詞后面連接的to do 的形式. 舉個例子,ask to do sth make it to do sth
泰安市合成： ______ 不定式定義:由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成.不定式是一種非限定性動詞.而非限定動詞是指那些在句中不能單獨充當(dāng)謂語的動詞,可分為不定式,動名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞.“動詞不定式”由動詞+不定時構(gòu)成.動詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分.動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進行式. 例句help sb.to do sth.(幫助某人做某事) Would you be so kind as to tell me the time? (勞駕,現(xiàn)在幾點了.)
泰安市合成： ______[答案] 這里有一篇詳細的 樓主接好了! 動詞不定式 動詞不定式概述 一 不定式的體 1.不定式的一般式(to do)表示不定式的.動作將要發(fā)生或與謂語動作同時發(fā)生. 2 不定式的進行體(to be doing)表示不定式的動作正在發(fā)生. 不定式的完成體(to have done...
泰安市合成： ______ 動詞不定式用法解讀動詞不定式是一種活躍的非謂語動詞.它在句中起的是名詞.形容詞或副詞的作用,可在句子中作主語.賓語.定語.狀語和賓語補足語.動詞不定式的形式是#to +動詞原形#,但to有時要省去.動詞不定式在具體運用時,用不用to,取決于謂語動詞的用法 一般式 (not) to make (not) to be made 完成式 (not) to have made (not) to have been made 進行式 (not) to be making 完成進行式 (not) to have been making
泰安市合成： ______ 動詞不定式 英語語法--動詞不定式 動詞不定式 7.1 不定式作賓語 1) 動詞+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate ...
