分詞是什么?[例舉說(shuō)明] 分詞做作狀語(yǔ)解釋一下，要舉例10句，例句要翻譯，要全面，好的...
一.分詞總介:
分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種,是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式
現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞主要差別在于：現(xiàn)在分詞表示"主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行"，過(guò)去分詞表示"被動(dòng)和完成"(不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成)。分詞可以有自己的狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或邏輯主語(yǔ)等。
1、 分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。
分詞在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動(dòng)賓或被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過(guò)去分詞。
（1）現(xiàn)在分詞The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.
（2）過(guò)去分詞Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.
2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等連詞)＋分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while，when, once, although, until, if等連詞。
When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……
Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3、分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語(yǔ)一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面。現(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系)，過(guò)去分詞修飾承受該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)。
We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
This is really an exhausting day to all of us!
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries
4、分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官動(dòng)詞和look at, listen to等短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役動(dòng)詞后面與名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的成分。
5、分詞作表語(yǔ)分詞作表語(yǔ)通常看作形容詞來(lái)用。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，而且主語(yǔ)多為物；過(guò)去分詞表示主語(yǔ)的感受或狀態(tài)，主語(yǔ)多為人。
一.現(xiàn)在分詞的用法：
1) 做表語(yǔ)：
He was very amusing.
That book was rather boring.
很多動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作表語(yǔ)：
exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
2) 作定語(yǔ)：
上面所出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語(yǔ), 修飾一個(gè)名詞：
That must have been a terrifying experience.
I found him a charming person.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以放在名詞的后面修飾名詞, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：
There are a few boys swimming in the river.
There is a car waiting outside.
3) 作狀語(yǔ)：
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)可以表示一個(gè)同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要的或伴隨的動(dòng)作：
Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
Opening the drawer, he took out a box.
Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以表示原因, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句：
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Being unemployed, he hasn’t got much money.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以表示時(shí)間, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
Returning home, he began to do his homework.
Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
Be careful when crossing the road.
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
Having finished her work, she went home.
4)作賓補(bǔ)：
現(xiàn)在分詞在一些動(dòng)詞之后可以做賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：
例如, see, hear, catch, find, keep , have 等.
I see him passing my house every day.
I caught him stealing things in that shop.
I smelt something burning.
She kept him working all day.
二.過(guò)去分詞的用法：
1) 作表語(yǔ)：
We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning.
She felt confused, and even frightened.
They were very pleased with the girl.
I’m satisfied with your answer.
He is not interested in research.
2) 作定語(yǔ)：
She has a pleased look on her face.
The teacher gave us a satisfied smile.
cooked food a written report
fried eggs boiled water
frozen food armed forces
required courses fallen leaves
finished products a forced smile
the risen sun new arrived visitors
What’s the language spoken in that country?
They’re problem left over by history.
The play put on by the teachers was a big success.
Is there anybody injured?
Do you know the number of books ordered?
3)作狀語(yǔ)：
Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.
Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
They came in, followed by some children.
Depressed, he went to see his elder sister.
When treated with kindness, he was very amiable.
4)作賓補(bǔ)：
過(guò)去分詞也同樣可以作賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)， 接在某些動(dòng)詞后面
I will have the clothes washed tomorrow.
When they get back home, they found the room robbed.
三.鞏固練習(xí)
1. __________ with the best students, I still have a long way to go.
A. Having compared B. To compare
C. Compared D. Compare
（ ） 2. The music of the film _________ by him sounds so ___________ .
A. playing, exciting B. played, excited
C. playing, excited D. played, exciting
（ ） 3. __________ against the coming hurricane, they dared not leave home.
A. Warned B. Having warned
C. To warn D. Warn
（ ） 4. In __________ countries, you can’t always make yourself _______ by speaking English.
A. English-speaking, understand B. English-spoken, understand
C. English-speaking, understood D. English-speaking, understood
（ ）5. After _____________ the old man, the doctor suggested that he ___________ a bad cold.
A. examining, should catch B. examined, had caught
C. examining, had caught D. examined, catch
（ ） 6. _____________ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it.
A. Be a good swimmer B. Being a good swimmer
C. Having been good swimmer D. To be a good swimmer
（ ） 7. ________ how to read the new words, I often look them up in the dictionary.
A. Having not known B. Not to know
C. Don’t know D. Not knowing
（ ） 8. As his parent, you shouldn’t have your child ___________ such a book.
A. read B. to read
C. reading D. be reading
（ ） 9. He returned from abroad ______________ that his mother had been badly ill.
A. heard B. having been heard
C. having phoned D. having been phoned
答案:
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D
分詞是動(dòng)詞的三種非限定形式之一, 包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種。
分詞可以在句中作狀語(yǔ)及定語(yǔ)。
(一)現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別主要表現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)間概念上。
在語(yǔ)態(tài)上,現(xiàn)在分詞(除被動(dòng)式外)表示主動(dòng)意思, 過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意思。
在時(shí)間上, 現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 過(guò)去分詞則表示動(dòng)作已完成。
developing countries(發(fā)展中國(guó)家)
developed countries(發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家)
the touching tale(動(dòng)人的傳說(shuō))
the touched audince(受感動(dòng)的觀眾)
(二)現(xiàn)在分詞的用法
現(xiàn)在分詞可在句中作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。
1. 作定語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)多置于它所修飾的名詞前:
This is a pressing question.
這是一個(gè)緊迫的問(wèn)題。
He asked an embarrassing question.
他提了一個(gè)令人難堪的問(wèn)題。
現(xiàn)在分詞亦可置于它所修飾的名詞之后:
There were no soldiers drilling.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)一般皆置于其修飾的名詞之后:
A little child learning to walk often falls.
The men working here are all from the rural areas.
2. 現(xiàn)在分詞用作狀語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語(yǔ)從表意的角度看, 也可用作狀語(yǔ), 表示時(shí)間、原因、
結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。
其動(dòng)作可能發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或之后, 也可能與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
(1)表示時(shí)間
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.
He went out shutting the door behind him.
強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí), 現(xiàn)在分詞之前可用連詞when或while:
When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.
While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought
to be a meteorite.
(2)表示原因
Being sick, I stayed at home.
She caught cold sitting on the grass.
(3)表示條件
Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent.
Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
(4)表示讓步
Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn''''t tried her best.
(5)表示結(jié)果
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.
It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday.
(6)表示方式或伴隨情況
He ran up to her breathing heavily.
Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc
(三)過(guò)去分詞的用法
(1)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。
表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或和連系動(dòng)詞一起表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是及物動(dòng)詞）。
The glass is broken.She is quite pleased.
The glass was broekn by Li Hua.
(2)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)多表示被動(dòng)意義和完成意義。
動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。其前置和特征與現(xiàn)在分詞相同。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)所修飾的名詞有被動(dòng)關(guān)系或系表關(guān)系。
He is a man loved by all.
I hate to see letters written in pencil.
(3)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)一樣，可以表示伴隨、時(shí)間、原因、方式等。
過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)必須注意它表示的動(dòng)作是該句主語(yǔ)發(fā)不出來(lái)的或表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。但其邏輯上的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是主句的主語(yǔ)。
When heated, water changes into steam.
(4)過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，多表示賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或被動(dòng)意義。
動(dòng)作是賓語(yǔ)發(fā)不來(lái)的。多用于使役動(dòng)詞、感官動(dòng)詞和like, want, wish, order等表示"希望""要求"等意義的動(dòng)詞后面。特別注意"have＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
I saw a light burning in the room.
I can''tget the clock going again.
I have to have my hair cut.
一、現(xiàn)在分詞
現(xiàn)在分詞由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成。
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。
一、現(xiàn)在分詞的兩個(gè)基本特點(diǎn)。
1. 在時(shí)間上表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如： a developing country. 一個(gè)發(fā)展中的國(guó)家， boiling water 沸水， rising sun 冉冉升起的太陽(yáng)。（試比較： a developed country 一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家， boiled water 白開水， risen sun 升起的太陽(yáng)）
2. 在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示主動(dòng)。例如： the ruling class 統(tǒng)治階級(jí)， the exploiting class 剝削階級(jí)。（試比較： the ruled class 被統(tǒng)治階級(jí)， the exploited class 被剝削階級(jí)）
二、掌握現(xiàn)在分詞的基本功能。
1. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。也可以說(shuō)明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特征，此時(shí)可換成相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句。例如：
① There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.
② He saw a flying bird and raised his bow.
③ I was satisfied with the exciting speech.
2. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可作時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果、原因和伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。此時(shí)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是主句的主語(yǔ)，因此要注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的一致性。例如：
① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.
② European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.
③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.
3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。例如：
① Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes.
② The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.
4. 現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。例如：
① With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word.
②“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. “媽媽！”他突然哭著喊，淚水從他的臉上流下來(lái)。（這里需要用現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) tears rolling down his cheeks 作狀語(yǔ)。）
③ Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall. 如果天氣允許的話，我們就去長(zhǎng)城。
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無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ be 動(dòng)詞包括:am , is , are , was, were, am 的過(guò)去式是:was 用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài); 過(guò)去分詞been 用于現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài). 例如: I am a student now. I was a student last year. I have been to beijing before. He said he had been to there before.
翠福18385716461： 英語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞是什么 -
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 現(xiàn)在分詞(Present Participle)(又稱-ing形式、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式) ,是分詞的一種,分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,它們都是非限定動(dòng)詞,即在句子里面不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),但能充當(dāng)其它的一些成分(定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)),并且它們具有...
分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種,是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式
現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞主要差別在于：現(xiàn)在分詞表示"主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行"，過(guò)去分詞表示"被動(dòng)和完成"(不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成)。分詞可以有自己的狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或邏輯主語(yǔ)等。
1、 分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。
分詞在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動(dòng)賓或被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過(guò)去分詞。
（1）現(xiàn)在分詞The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.
（2）過(guò)去分詞Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.
2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等連詞)＋分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while，when, once, although, until, if等連詞。
When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……
Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3、分詞作定語(yǔ)分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語(yǔ)一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面。現(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系)，過(guò)去分詞修飾承受該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)。
We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
This is really an exhausting day to all of us!
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries
4、分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官動(dòng)詞和look at, listen to等短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役動(dòng)詞后面與名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的成分。
5、分詞作表語(yǔ)分詞作表語(yǔ)通常看作形容詞來(lái)用。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，而且主語(yǔ)多為物；過(guò)去分詞表示主語(yǔ)的感受或狀態(tài)，主語(yǔ)多為人。
一.現(xiàn)在分詞的用法：
1) 做表語(yǔ)：
He was very amusing.
That book was rather boring.
很多動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作表語(yǔ)：
exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
2) 作定語(yǔ)：
上面所出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語(yǔ), 修飾一個(gè)名詞：
That must have been a terrifying experience.
I found him a charming person.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以放在名詞的后面修飾名詞, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：
There are a few boys swimming in the river.
There is a car waiting outside.
3) 作狀語(yǔ)：
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)可以表示一個(gè)同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要的或伴隨的動(dòng)作：
Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
Opening the drawer, he took out a box.
Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以表示原因, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句：
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Being unemployed, he hasn’t got much money.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以表示時(shí)間, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
Returning home, he began to do his homework.
Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
Be careful when crossing the road.
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
Having finished her work, she went home.
4)作賓補(bǔ)：
現(xiàn)在分詞在一些動(dòng)詞之后可以做賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：
例如, see, hear, catch, find, keep , have 等.
I see him passing my house every day.
I caught him stealing things in that shop.
I smelt something burning.
She kept him working all day.
二.過(guò)去分詞的用法：
1) 作表語(yǔ)：
We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning.
She felt confused, and even frightened.
They were very pleased with the girl.
I’m satisfied with your answer.
He is not interested in research.
2) 作定語(yǔ)：
She has a pleased look on her face.
The teacher gave us a satisfied smile.
cooked food a written report
fried eggs boiled water
frozen food armed forces
required courses fallen leaves
finished products a forced smile
the risen sun new arrived visitors
What’s the language spoken in that country?
They’re problem left over by history.
The play put on by the teachers was a big success.
Is there anybody injured?
Do you know the number of books ordered?
3)作狀語(yǔ)：
Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.
Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
They came in, followed by some children.
Depressed, he went to see his elder sister.
When treated with kindness, he was very amiable.
4)作賓補(bǔ)：
過(guò)去分詞也同樣可以作賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)， 接在某些動(dòng)詞后面
I will have the clothes washed tomorrow.
When they get back home, they found the room robbed.
三.鞏固練習(xí)
1. __________ with the best students, I still have a long way to go.
A. Having compared B. To compare
C. Compared D. Compare
（ ） 2. The music of the film _________ by him sounds so ___________ .
A. playing, exciting B. played, excited
C. playing, excited D. played, exciting
（ ） 3. __________ against the coming hurricane, they dared not leave home.
A. Warned B. Having warned
C. To warn D. Warn
（ ） 4. In __________ countries, you can’t always make yourself _______ by speaking English.
A. English-speaking, understand B. English-spoken, understand
C. English-speaking, understood D. English-speaking, understood
（ ）5. After _____________ the old man, the doctor suggested that he ___________ a bad cold.
A. examining, should catch B. examined, had caught
C. examining, had caught D. examined, catch
（ ） 6. _____________ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it.
A. Be a good swimmer B. Being a good swimmer
C. Having been good swimmer D. To be a good swimmer
（ ） 7. ________ how to read the new words, I often look them up in the dictionary.
A. Having not known B. Not to know
C. Don’t know D. Not knowing
（ ） 8. As his parent, you shouldn’t have your child ___________ such a book.
A. read B. to read
C. reading D. be reading
（ ） 9. He returned from abroad ______________ that his mother had been badly ill.
A. heard B. having been heard
C. having phoned D. having been phoned
答案:
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D
分詞是動(dòng)詞的三種非限定形式之一, 包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種。
分詞可以在句中作狀語(yǔ)及定語(yǔ)。
(一)現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別主要表現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)間概念上。
在語(yǔ)態(tài)上,現(xiàn)在分詞(除被動(dòng)式外)表示主動(dòng)意思, 過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意思。
在時(shí)間上, 現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 過(guò)去分詞則表示動(dòng)作已完成。
developing countries(發(fā)展中國(guó)家)
developed countries(發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家)
the touching tale(動(dòng)人的傳說(shuō))
the touched audince(受感動(dòng)的觀眾)
(二)現(xiàn)在分詞的用法
現(xiàn)在分詞可在句中作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。
1. 作定語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)多置于它所修飾的名詞前:
This is a pressing question.
這是一個(gè)緊迫的問(wèn)題。
He asked an embarrassing question.
他提了一個(gè)令人難堪的問(wèn)題。
現(xiàn)在分詞亦可置于它所修飾的名詞之后:
There were no soldiers drilling.
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)一般皆置于其修飾的名詞之后:
A little child learning to walk often falls.
The men working here are all from the rural areas.
2. 現(xiàn)在分詞用作狀語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語(yǔ)從表意的角度看, 也可用作狀語(yǔ), 表示時(shí)間、原因、
結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。
其動(dòng)作可能發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或之后, 也可能與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
(1)表示時(shí)間
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.
He went out shutting the door behind him.
強(qiáng)調(diào)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí), 現(xiàn)在分詞之前可用連詞when或while:
When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.
While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought
to be a meteorite.
(2)表示原因
Being sick, I stayed at home.
She caught cold sitting on the grass.
(3)表示條件
Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent.
Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
(4)表示讓步
Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn''''t tried her best.
(5)表示結(jié)果
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.
It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday.
(6)表示方式或伴隨情況
He ran up to her breathing heavily.
Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc
(三)過(guò)去分詞的用法
(1)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。
表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或和連系動(dòng)詞一起表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是及物動(dòng)詞）。
The glass is broken.She is quite pleased.
The glass was broekn by Li Hua.
(2)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)多表示被動(dòng)意義和完成意義。
動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。其前置和特征與現(xiàn)在分詞相同。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)所修飾的名詞有被動(dòng)關(guān)系或系表關(guān)系。
He is a man loved by all.
I hate to see letters written in pencil.
(3)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)一樣，可以表示伴隨、時(shí)間、原因、方式等。
過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)必須注意它表示的動(dòng)作是該句主語(yǔ)發(fā)不出來(lái)的或表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。但其邏輯上的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是主句的主語(yǔ)。
When heated, water changes into steam.
(4)過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，多表示賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或被動(dòng)意義。
動(dòng)作是賓語(yǔ)發(fā)不來(lái)的。多用于使役動(dòng)詞、感官動(dòng)詞和like, want, wish, order等表示"希望""要求"等意義的動(dòng)詞后面。特別注意"have＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
I saw a light burning in the room.
I can''tget the clock going again.
I have to have my hair cut.
一、現(xiàn)在分詞
現(xiàn)在分詞由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成。
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。
一、現(xiàn)在分詞的兩個(gè)基本特點(diǎn)。
1. 在時(shí)間上表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如： a developing country. 一個(gè)發(fā)展中的國(guó)家， boiling water 沸水， rising sun 冉冉升起的太陽(yáng)。（試比較： a developed country 一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家， boiled water 白開水， risen sun 升起的太陽(yáng)）
2. 在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示主動(dòng)。例如： the ruling class 統(tǒng)治階級(jí)， the exploiting class 剝削階級(jí)。（試比較： the ruled class 被統(tǒng)治階級(jí)， the exploited class 被剝削階級(jí)）
二、掌握現(xiàn)在分詞的基本功能。
1. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。也可以說(shuō)明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特征，此時(shí)可換成相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句。例如：
① There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.
② He saw a flying bird and raised his bow.
③ I was satisfied with the exciting speech.
2. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可作時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果、原因和伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。此時(shí)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是主句的主語(yǔ)，因此要注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的一致性。例如：
① The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.
② European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.
③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.
3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。例如：
① Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes.
② The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.
4. 現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。例如：
① With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word.
②“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks. “媽媽！”他突然哭著喊，淚水從他的臉上流下來(lái)。（這里需要用現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) tears rolling down his cheeks 作狀語(yǔ)。）
③ Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall. 如果天氣允許的話，我們就去長(zhǎng)城。
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一、基本概念及用法 謙詞，是有稱代詞作用的名詞，但不是代詞。它們可以像人稱代詞那樣稱代言語(yǔ)交際的雙方，但是它們沒(méi)有體詞性代詞所具有的那種直接前置的功能。從語(yǔ)義方面看，謙稱具有人稱代詞所不包含的語(yǔ)義內(nèi)容：在一定程度上可以反映言語(yǔ)交際雙方的身份、地位以及性別、年齡等。二、具體應(yīng)用的例舉 常用...
abac式的四字詞語(yǔ)有哪些
abac式的四字詞語(yǔ)，詳細(xì)介紹如下：一、詞語(yǔ)例舉：1、武爵武任、勿怠勿忘、誤打誤撞、先圣先師、先知先覺(jué)、閑非閑是、閑是閑非、閑言閑語(yǔ)、涎臉涎皮、涎皮涎臉、涎言涎語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)世現(xiàn)報(bào)、相安相受、相反相成、相輔相成、相克相濟(jì)、相切相磋、相親相愛、相生相成、相生相克、相呴相濟(jì)、相因相生、像...
宋詞格式,題材,韻腳等有什么規(guī)格
學(xué)填詞光具備掌握格律這一條件還不行,還須另一個(gè)重要條件,即在泛讀的基礎(chǔ)上精讀若干詞,在記憶庫(kù)里儲(chǔ)存一定數(shù)量的詞調(diào)樣板。現(xiàn)在出版的各種詞譜,雖然在每一詞調(diào)格式下面,都例舉前人幾首詞,但都沒(méi)有注釋。沒(méi)有專門學(xué)過(guò)詞的人,未必能領(lǐng)會(huì)所例舉的詞的詞意,可能還有不少古體字不認(rèn)得,典故不懂。所以孤立地讀詞譜...
請(qǐng)問(wèn)什么是兼語(yǔ)詞?
兼語(yǔ)詞。一詞為兩字或兩詞合意。比如文言文中:焉,兼語(yǔ)詞,于此 。
高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中會(huì)用到的抽象性名詞(盡可能的多)
抽象名詞 首先我們從語(yǔ)言說(shuō)起，語(yǔ)言是思維工具和交際工具。它同思維有密切的聯(lián)系，是思維的載體和物質(zhì)外殼和表現(xiàn)形式，文字是記錄語(yǔ)言的符號(hào)，而詞當(dāng)然屬于文字的范疇，在語(yǔ)言學(xué)里，詞是能夠自由運(yùn)用的最小的語(yǔ)言單位。 名詞是詞的一種，是表示人,事物,地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱，名詞分為普通名詞和專有名...
相關(guān)評(píng)說(shuō)：
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞是動(dòng)詞以ing結(jié)尾的,可以作定語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞是動(dòng)詞以ed d en n 結(jié)尾的
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 英語(yǔ)分詞用法詳析 分詞也是一種限定動(dòng)詞,分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞.它保留著動(dòng)詞的若干特征,又具有形容詞、副詞的特征.分詞有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)變化,又帶有賓語(yǔ)并能被狀語(yǔ)修飾.分詞在句中主要作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)用,作表語(yǔ)也十分普遍. 一、...
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ Time permitting, I will go with you. His heart broken, he didn't want to stay with her. There are fourty students in my class, 16 boys included. 分詞帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ),就是分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu).一般作狀語(yǔ).
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 分詞分兩種,現(xiàn)在分詞,也就是be doing和過(guò)去分詞,即done
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 現(xiàn)在分詞 ,過(guò)去分詞 是動(dòng)詞的一句 表現(xiàn)形式
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 就是動(dòng)詞的ing形式,比如sitting就是sit的現(xiàn)在分詞
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 分詞短語(yǔ)包括現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)和過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),是指現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞與其他的成分組成的結(jié)構(gòu). 如 :Do you know the boy named Li Ming ? named Li Ming 就是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ) I have some trouble learning English grammar. learning English grammar 就是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 現(xiàn)在分詞是分詞的一種,分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,它們都是非限定動(dòng)詞,即在句子里面不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),但能充當(dāng)其它的一些成分(定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)),并且它們具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì),所以又是類動(dòng)詞的一種. 一般式doing 一般被動(dòng)式being done 完成式having done 完成被動(dòng)式having been done 所有否定式都是在-ing前面加not 包括獨(dú)立主格形式
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ be 動(dòng)詞包括:am , is , are , was, were, am 的過(guò)去式是:was 用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài); 過(guò)去分詞been 用于現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài). 例如: I am a student now. I was a student last year. I have been to beijing before. He said he had been to there before.
無(wú)錫市潤(rùn)滑： ______ 現(xiàn)在分詞(Present Participle)(又稱-ing形式、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式) ,是分詞的一種,分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,它們都是非限定動(dòng)詞,即在句子里面不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),但能充當(dāng)其它的一些成分(定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)),并且它們具有...
