九年級人教版英語第5單元、第八單元知識點整理(要全面一點的) 人教版九年級英語1~5單元知識總結(jié)(每一個單獨的)
1. clean up 清掃
2.give out 分發(fā),發(fā)放
3.cheer up=make…h(huán)appier 使...高興,使...振作
4.after school study program 課外學習班
5.come up with=think up 提出,想出
6.put off(doing sth) 推遲(做某事)
7.write down 寫下,記下
8.put up 張貼
9.hand out 分發(fā),發(fā)放 = give out
10.call sb up 給某人打電話 = ring sb up = give sb a call/ring = call/ telephone sb = make a telephone call with sb
11.ser up=establish 建立
12.be home to sb 是某人的家園
13.volunteer one’s time to do sth 自愿花時間干...
14.put…to use… 把...投入使用 15.elementary school 小學
16.plan to do sth 計劃干...打算干= plan on doing sth
17.coach a football team for kids 訓練少年足球隊
18.start a Chinese History club 開辦一個中國史俱樂部
19.run out of 用完,耗盡
20.take after 在性格或長相方面與父母相象
21.fix up 修理
22.give away 捐贈
23.be similar to 與...相似
24.ask for 索要
ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
25.a call-in center for parents 家長熱線
26.hang out 閑蕩
27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 張貼尋求唱歌工作的廣告
28.run out of money for singing lessons 學唱歌的錢用完了
29.disabled people 殘疾人
30.for sure 確實如此,毫無疑問
31.fill…with... 用...填充...
be filled with = be full of 被裝滿了...
32.help...out 幫助...做事,解決難題(擺脫困境)
33.a specially trained dog 一只經(jīng)過特殊訓練的狗
34.train sb to do sth 訓練某人干... 35.fetch my book 去把我的書拿來
36.part of speech 詞性
二、重點知識
1.You could give out food at a food bank. (P60)你可以在食品供應(yīng)站分發(fā)食品。
give out在這里是“分發(fā)”,“散發(fā)”的意思。
Our English teacher gave out the examination papers when the bell rang.
我們的英語老師在鈴響的時候分發(fā)試卷。
◎另外一個意思為“用完”,“消耗盡”。
After a week their food supplies gave out. 一周之后,他們的食物供應(yīng)用完了。
◎還有一個意思為“發(fā)出”,“送出”。
The sun gives out a lot of heat. 太陽能發(fā)出熱量。
2.He looks sad. Let’s cheer him up.(P61)他看上去很傷心。我們?nèi)退褡髌饋戆伞?br />cheer up sb或cheer sb up意為“(使某人)高興起來,振作起來”。如果是代詞做賓語,則將代詞放在中間。
Cheer up! The news isn’t too bad. 不要發(fā)愁啦,這消息不錯嘛!
He took her to the ballet to cheer her up.
他為了使她高興起來,便帶她去看芭蕾舞。
3.This volunteer work takes each of them several hours a week, so it is a major commitment. (P62)這份義工每周花了他們每個人好幾個小時的時間,所以這是一個重大的貢獻。
(1)each of them是指“他們中的每一個”。如果做主語,則謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
知識拓展
each與every的用法
◎each指一個整體中的每一個,強調(diào)個體;every著重于全體的總和,強調(diào)整體。試比較:
Each has a different book. (強調(diào)各有不同。)
Here every child at the age of six can go to school. (側(cè)重整體,無一例外。)
◎each可作形容詞及代詞,而every只能作形容詞,但可與-one,-body,-thing等構(gòu)成復(fù)合代詞。
◎each用在代詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前要用介詞of連接,如each of them, each of the boys; every不能直接跟of連接,如不可以說every of them,而要說every one of them或each of them。
◎every還可以表示“每隔”,后接基數(shù)詞加名詞,如every four weeks, every three months等,此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的every不能用each代替。
She had a rest every fives minutes. 她每隔5分鐘就休息一會兒。
魔力糾錯
①街道兩旁有許多商店。
誤:There are many shops on every side of the street.
正:There are many shops on each side of the street.
魔力解析
each可以用來指兩個或兩個以上的人或物,但是every卻總是指三個或三個以上的人或物,不能指兩者。
4.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. (P62)我不僅對幫助別人感到很滿足,而且我還漸漸地花時間做自己喜愛做的事情。
(1)not only ... but also (also可省略)是“不但……而且……”的意思,當置于句首時,not only后面從句的主謂要倒裝,但but (also)后面的主謂不用倒裝。
Not only has he been to Canada, but (also) he knows some Canadians.
他不僅去過加拿大,而且還認識許多加拿大人。
Not only did he teach at school, but (also) he wrote novels.
他不僅在學校里教書,而且還寫小說。
Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時,謂語動詞隨后面的主語人稱和數(shù)的變化 也就是就近原則 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結(jié)構(gòu)有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
hand in“面交”,“上交”。
The students are handing their papers in.學生們在交試卷。
10. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. (P64)他想到的那些辦法獲得了成功。
(1)這是一個由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,先行詞是前面的strategies。動詞短語worked out在這里作主語the strategies的謂語,意為“產(chǎn)生結(jié)果,發(fā)展為,結(jié)果是……”,后面不可接賓語,主語也不用“人”來充當。
I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice.
我很想知道他們的想法在實踐中取得了什么結(jié)果。
We didn’t plan it like that but it worked out very well.
我們原不是那樣計劃的,但結(jié)果卻很好。
知識拓展
work out的其它用法
It was the best solution that he was able to work out at this time.
這是他這時能想出的最好的解決辦法了。(想出)
I can’t work out the meaning of this poem. 我理解不了這首詩的意思。(理解)
Have you worked out this math problem? 你已經(jīng)算出這道數(shù)學問題了嗎?(算出)
短語鏈語
◎work on意為“從事”。
Professor Green is working on a new book. 格林教授正在寫一本新書。
He is working on a maths problem. 他正在算一道數(shù)學難題。
◎work on后面無賓語時,表示繼續(xù)工作。
It’s very late, but they were still working on.
時間很晚了,但他們?nèi)匀辉诶^續(xù)工作。
(2)fine在這里是副詞,可與well替換,意思是“好,順利”。
The machine works fine. 這臺機器運行很好。
Sam is doing fine in his new business.
薩姆在他的新業(yè)務(wù)中一切進展順利。
11.Who has filled my life with pleasure. (P66)……使我生活充滿快樂的人。
(1)本句中的fill...with...表示一個動作,意為“用……裝滿……”,其主語通常是人。
He filled the bag with books. 他在書包里裝滿了書。
Please fill the bottle with milk. 請將瓶子裝滿牛奶。
知識拓展
be filled with表示一個狀態(tài),意為“裝滿了……”,相當于be full of,其主語通常是人或物。
The room was filled with smoke. 房間里濃煙彌漫。
Her eyes were filled with tears. 她眼睛里充滿了淚水。
(2)pleasure意為“高興,快樂”,是不可數(shù)名詞;表示“樂趣,高興的事”時是可數(shù)名詞。
Reading gives me great pleasure. 讀書給了我很多快樂。
It is one of my greatest pleasures. 它是我最大樂趣之一。
◎在口語中It’s pleasure. 是回答感謝的客套語。
—Thank you for your help. 感謝你的幫助。
—It’s a pleasure. 不用謝。
特別提示
◎pleased是形容詞,意為“自己感到高興的,欣喜的,滿意的”,指以任何方式表現(xiàn)出來或未表現(xiàn)出來的滿足與快樂,在句中常用作表語,其主語為人。
The two friends were very pleased to see each other again.
這兩個朋友非常高興再次見面。
I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me.
使我高興的是經(jīng)理已經(jīng)不再生我的氣了。
◎pleasant也是形容詞,表示“使人感到愉快/滿意”,一般用作定語,如主語是物,也可以用作表語。
It’s pleasant weather today. 今天的天氣令人愉快。
It’s very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours.
站了幾小時后坐下來很舒服。
◎please是動詞,表示“(使)高興,滿意,愉快”。
Does the cloth please you? 這布料合你的意嗎?
12. Because I can’t use my arms or legs well, normal things like answering the telephone, opening and shutting doors, or carrying things have always been difficult for me. (P66)因為我不能靈活地使用我的手和腳,像接電話、開關(guān)門、拿東西這樣的事情對于我來說都很難。
(1)本句中的shut意為“關(guān)”,在許多情況下可以與close互換,只是后者語氣較弱,如close the door關(guān)門(也可能指半開半閉),shut the door關(guān)門(指把門關(guān)緊)。
That shop shuts at eight pm. 那家商店八點鐘關(guān)門。
He closed his speech with a funny joke. 他用一個有趣的笑話結(jié)束了演說。
◎當表示“關(guān)閉公路,鐵路或交通工具”或作“結(jié)束”講時,只用close。
They have closed the road for thick fog. 由于大霧,那條公路被關(guān)閉。
特別提示
turn off用來表示“關(guān)閉”有開關(guān)的東西,如收音機、電視、煤氣、水龍頭等。
Please turn off the light when you leave the lab.
在你離開實驗室前關(guān)掉燈。
Make sure the gas is turned off before you go to bed.
確保上床前把煤氣關(guān)掉。
(2)本句中的carry意為“搬運,攜帶”,不表示帶到什么地方,而攜帶的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。
She carried a baby in her arms. 她懷里抱了一個孩子。
He was carrying a wooden box on his shoulder.他扛著一個木箱。
特別提示
在后面“Lucky! Fetch my book.”一句中出現(xiàn)的fetch相當于go and bring back,意為“取來,接來”,表示一往一返。
Let’s fetch some water. 咱們?nèi)ゴ螯c水來。
People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood.
為了取木料,人們不得不走許多公里路。
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